05 - Propulsion
DESIGN APPROACH FOR HYBRID ELECTRIC PROPULSION CONCEPTS OF MID-RANGE AIRCRAFT INCLUDING SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUELS
K. Ziaja¹, D. Lieder², J. Göing², J. Friedrichs², F. di Mare¹; ¹Ruhr University Bochum, Germany ;²Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany
The aviation industry faces an urgent need to address the environmental impact of air traffic. This is underlined by the Flightpath 2050 agenda of policymakers and the aerospace industry, which has the ambitious goals of reducing CO2 emissions by 75 %, NOx emissions by 90 %, and noise emissions by 65% until 2050 compared to typical capabilities of new aircraft in 2000. Various technologies are promising solutions to tackle these goals; for example, efficient propulsion concepts, such as Distributed Hybrid Electric Propulsion (DHEP), allow the reduction or even elimination of pollutant emissions through full-electrical operation at ground levels (< 900 m). Another promising option is the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) to reduce chemical emissions directly at the source.rnThis paper introduces a design approach for powertrains of mid-range aircraft based on the 0D in-house tool ASTOR for the thermodynamic cycle performance calculation of gas turbines. It has been adapted for on-design calculations and extended by a new combustion chamber model to enable the determination of combustion emissions of SAFs by using the tool EBSILON®Professional. The SAF models, based on a comprehensive review of existing SAF surrogate models, are implemented by an efficient tabulation method.rnThe powertrain model represents a two-spool gas turbine unit consisting of compressors and turbines for the low- and high-pressure spool side, as well as the combustion chamber. Appropriate boundary conditions are applied to consider a propeller-based DHEP concepts.rnSubsequently, a Design of Experiments-based (DoE) design process is performed, which covers conventional Jet-A1 and chosen SAF fuels. The DoE results provide insights into power-specific fuel consumption (PSFC), the thermal efficiency and chemical emission composition (pollutant concentrations), offering a database enabling new assessments of air pollution at ground level or airports, respectively.r